使用Executors 和 ThreadPoolExecutor实现Java线程池案例
首先需要一个工作线程：
package com.journaldev.threadpool;
public class WorkerThread implements Runnable {
private String command;
public WorkerThread(String s){
this.command=s;
}
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+' Start. Command = '+command);
processCommand();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+' End.');
}
private void processCommand() {
try {
Thread.sleep(5000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public String toString(){
return this.command;
}
}
下面是线程池的测试案例：
package com.journaldev.threadpool;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class SimpleThreadPool {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
Runnable worker = new WorkerThread('' + i);
executor.execute(worker);
}
executor.shutdown();
while (!executor.isTerminated()) {
}
System.out.println('Finished all threads');
}
}
输出结果：
pool-1-thread-2 Start. Command = 1
pool-1-thread-4 Start. Command = 3
pool-1-thread-1 Start. Command = 0
pool-1-thread-3 Start. Command = 2
pool-1-thread-5 Start. Command = 4
pool-1-thread-4 End.
pool-1-thread-5 End.
pool-1-thread-1 End.
pool-1-thread-3 End.
pool-1-thread-3 Start. Command = 8
pool-1-thread-2 End.
pool-1-thread-2 Start. Command = 9
pool-1-thread-1 Start. Command = 7
pool-1-thread-5 Start. Command = 6
pool-1-thread-4 Start. Command = 5
pool-1-thread-2 End.
pool-1-thread-4 End.
pool-1-thread-3 End.
pool-1-thread-5 End.
pool-1-thread-1 End.
Finished all threads
线程池需要规定起初线程数目，使用RejectedExecutionHandler 实现：
package com.journaldev.threadpool;
import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionHandler;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
public class RejectedExecutionHandlerImpl implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
@Override
public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {
System.out.println(r.toString() + ' is rejected');
}
}
通过监视线程池中结果：
package com.journaldev.threadpool;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
public class MyMonitorThread implements Runnable
{
private ThreadPoolExecutor executor;
private int seconds;
private boolean run=true;
public MyMonitorThread(ThreadPoolExecutor executor, int delay)
{
this.executor = executor;
this.seconds=delay;
}
public void shutdown(){
this.run=false;
}
@Override
public void run()
{
while(run){
System.out.println(
String.format('[monitor] [%d/%d] Active: %d, Completed: %d, Task: %d, isShutdown: %s, isTerminated: %s',
this.executor.getPoolSize(),
this.executor.getCorePoolSize(),
this.executor.getActiveCount(),
this.executor.getCompletedTaskCount(),
this.executor.getTaskCount(),
this.executor.isShutdown(),
this.executor.isTerminated()));
try {
Thread.sleep(seconds*1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
下面是启动线程池实现：
package com.journaldev.threadpool;
import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class WorkerPool {
public static void main(String args[]) throws InterruptedException{
//RejectedExecutionHandler implementation
RejectedExecutionHandlerImpl rejectionHandler = new RejectedExecutionHandlerImpl();
//Get the ThreadFactory implementation to use
ThreadFactory threadFactory = Executors.defaultThreadFactory();
//creating the ThreadPoolExecutor
ThreadPoolExecutor executorPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(2, 4, 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new ArrayBlockingQueue<Runnable>(2), threadFactory, rejectionHandler);
//start the monitoring thread
MyMonitorThread monitor = new MyMonitorThread(executorPool, 3);
Thread monitorThread = new Thread(monitor);
monitorThread.start();
//submit work to the thread pool
for(int i=0; i<10; i++){
executorPool.execute(new WorkerThread('cmd'+i));
}
Thread.sleep(30000);
//shut down the pool
executorPool.shutdown();
//shut down the monitor thread
Thread.sleep(5000);
monitor.shutdown();
}
}
在初始化的ThreadPoolExecutor，我们保持初始池大小为2，最大池大小为4，工作队列大小为2。因此，如果有4个正在运行的任务，并提交了更多的任务，工作队列将持有其中2个和其余休息将他们交由RejectedExecutionHandlerImpl处理。
输出结果：
pool-1-thread-1 Start. Command = cmd0
pool-1-thread-4 Start. Command = cmd5
cmd6 is rejected
pool-1-thread-3 Start. Command = cmd4
pool-1-thread-2 Start. Command = cmd1
cmd7 is rejected
cmd8 is rejected
cmd9 is rejected
[monitor] [0/2] Active: 4, Completed: 0, Task: 6, isShutdown: false, isTerminated: false
[monitor] [4/2] Active: 4, Completed: 0, Task: 6, isShutdown: false, isTerminated: false
pool-1-thread-4 End.
pool-1-thread-1 End.
pool-1-thread-2 End.
pool-1-thread-3 End.
pool-1-thread-1 Start. Command = cmd3
pool-1-thread-4 Start. Command = cmd2
[monitor] [4/2] Active: 2, Completed: 4, Task: 6, isShutdown: false, isTerminated: false
[monitor] [4/2] Active: 2, Completed: 4, Task: 6, isShutdown: false, isTerminated: false
pool-1-thread-1 End.
pool-1-thread-4 End.
[monitor] [4/2] Active: 0, Completed: 6, Task: 6, isShutdown: false, isTerminated: false
[monitor] [2/2] Active: 0, Completed: 6, Task: 6, isShutdown: false, isTerminated: false
[monitor] [2/2] Active: 0, Completed: 6, Task: 6, isShutdown: false, isTerminated: false
[monitor] [2/2] Active: 0, Completed: 6, Task: 6, isShutdown: false, isTerminated: false
[monitor] [2/2] Active: 0, Completed: 6, Task: 6, isShutdown: false, isTerminated: false
[monitor] [2/2] Active: 0, Completed: 6, Task: 6, isShutdown: false, isTerminated: false
[monitor] [0/2] Active: 0, Completed: 6, Task: 6, isShutdown: true, isTerminated: true
[monitor] [0/2] Active: 0, Completed: 6, Task: 6, isShutdown: true, isTerminated: true