Java 11没有引入突破性的功能,但包含了许多你可能还没有听说过的宝石:
1. Lambda参数的类型推断
List<EnterpriseGradeType<With, Generics>> types = /*...*/; types.stream() // this is fine, but we need @Nonnull on the type .filter(type -> check(type)) // in Java 10, we need to do this ~> ugh! .filter((@Nonnull EnterpriseGradeType<With, Generics> type) -> check(type)) // in Java 11, we can do this ~> better .filter((@Nonnull var type) -> check(type))
2.
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String :: lines
有多行字符串?想要对每一行做点什么吗?
var multiline = "This\r\nis a\r\nmultiline\r\nstring"; multiline.lines() // we now have a `Stream<String>` .map(line -> "// " + line) .forEach(System.out::println); // OUTPUT: // This // is a // multiline // string
3.
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使用'String :: strip'等来剥离空格4. 用'String :: repeat'重复字符串
5. 使用'Path :: of'创建路径
Path tmp = Path.of("/home/nipa", "tmp"); Path codefx = Path.of(URI.create("http://codefx.org"));
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6. 使用'Files :: readString'和'Files :: writeString'读取和写入文件
String haiku = Files.readString(Path.of("haiku.txt")); String modified = modify(haiku); Files.writeString(Path.of("haiku-mod.txt"), modified);
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7. 空读I / O使用'Reader :: nullReader
需要一个丢弃输入字节的 OutputStream吗?需要一个空的 InputStream?使用Reader和Writer但是什么也不做?Java 11让你满意:
InputStream input = InputStream.nullInputStream(); OutputStream output = OutputStream.nullOutputStream(); Reader reader = Reader.nullReader(); Writer writer = Writer.nullWriter();
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8. 集合变成一个数组:Collection :: toArray
String[] strings_fun = list.toArray(String[]::new);
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9. 使用Optional :: isEmpty表达不存在概念
public boolean needsToCompleteAddress(User user) { return getAddressRepository() .findAddressFor(user) .map(this::canonicalize) .filter(Address::isComplete) .isEmpty(); }
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10. 使用谓词::not 表达 “不”
Stream.of("a", "b", "", "c") // statically import `Predicate.not` .filter(not(String::isBlank)) .forEach(System.out::println);
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11. 使用'Pattern :: asMatchPredicate'作为谓词的正则表达式
Pattern nonWordCharacter = Pattern.compile("\\W"); Stream.of("Metallica", "Motörhead") .filter(nonWordCharacter.
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asMatchPredicate()) .forEach(System.out::println);
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asMatchPredicate是要求整个字符串匹配,而asPredicate 只需要字符串中出现过或有匹配的一段子串即可,要求不高。