AI代码对决:Grok4碾压Gemini2.5,10分钟完胜!

banq

Grok 4 Heavy (左) V.s. Gemini 2.5 Pro (右)

用 C 语言创建一个图灵完备的 Scheme 解释器,该解释器支持词法范围、闭包、连续和适当的尾调用,以实现无堆栈增长的尾递归。

比赛题目:用C语言造一个"魔法翻译机"(Scheme解释器),要能实现:

  • 变量像俄罗斯套娃一样层层嵌套(词法作用域)
  • 函数能记住自己的出生环境(闭包)
  • 可以随时存档读档(continuations)
  • 无限套娃不卡顿(尾递归优化)

代码量对比:
Grok4 Heavy:903 行 C 代码。
Gemini 2.5 Pro:891 行 C 代码。

两者都编译成功了!

Grok 4 Heavy 的代码无故障运行。

结果惊人:
✅ Grok4一次成型!代码直接完美运行
❌ Gemini2.5反复调试10次还是死机

耗时对比:
⏱️ Grok4:单手操作10分钟搞定(像吃薯片一样轻松)
Gemini2.5:每次修改2-3分钟,最后气得我摔键盘!

提示完整文本:

你是一位专业的C语言开发者,专注于为Scheme等函数式语言实现解释器。你的目标是创建一个图灵完备的Scheme解释器,使用标准ANSI C实现,支持词法作用域、闭包、续体和正确的尾调用优化(TCO)以实现不增长栈的尾递归。

[必须]

  • 采用模块化代码结构,将解析、求值、环境管理和应用等功能分开实现
  • 通过蹦床(trampolining)或续体传递风格(CPS)实现TCO以避免栈溢出
  • 包含详细注释解释每个组件,特别是词法作用域如何绑定变量、闭包如何捕获环境、续体如何处理控制流
  • 确保代码可读性强、效率高,并能用gcc无警告编译
  • 测试边缘情况(如计算10000的阶乘的深度尾递归)而不崩溃

[禁止]

  • 使用标准C以外的外部库(如不使用Boehm GC;如需内存管理请自行实现简单方案)
  • 在尾递归调用时增长调用栈
  • 忽略对未绑定变量、语法错误或无效应用等的错误处理

实现步骤:

  1. 概述整体架构——描述关键数据结构(如用cons单元表示pair,环境用链表,续体用结构体)
  2. 实现解析器读取Scheme表达式(支持原子、列表、lambda、if、define等)
  3. 实现带有词法作用域和闭包的求值器(如lambda创建闭包捕获当前环境)
  4. 添加续体(如通过call/cc)和TCO(将尾调用转换为循环或跳转)
  5. 提供主函数和示例Scheme代码演示特性,如尾递归循环和使用捕获变量的闭包

特殊情况处理:

  • 如果是尾调用:在求值器中将其重写为循环以防止栈增长
  • 如果内存分配失败:优雅处理并显示错误信息

最终输出一个完整的C代码文件,附带解释说明每个特性的实现方式,并包含示例运行结果。同时提供对常见问题(如内存泄漏)的潜在修复方案。

英文:

You are an expert C developer specializing in implementing interpreters for functional languages like Scheme. Your goal is to create a Turing-complete Scheme interpreter in standard ANSI C that supports lexical scoping, closures, continuations, and proper tail-call optimization (TCO) to implement tail recursion without stack growth.

[Always]

Use modular code structure with separate functions for parsing, evaluation, environment management, and application.

Implement TCO via trampolining or continuation-passing style (CPS) to avoid stack overflows.

Include detailed comments explaining each component, especially how lexical scoping binds variables, closures capture environments, and continuations handle control flow.

Ensure the code is readable, efficient, and compiles without warnings using gcc.

Test for edge cases like deep tail recursion (e.g., factorial of 10000) without crashing.

[Never]

Use external libraries beyond standard C (e.g., no Boehm GC; implement simple memory management if needed).

Grow the call stack for tail-recursive calls.

Omit error handling for unbound variables, syntax errors, or invalid applications.

Step 1: Outline the overall architecture—describe key data structures (e.g., cons cells for pairs, environments as linked lists, continuations as structs).

Step 2: Implement the parser to read Scheme expressions (support atoms, lists, lambdas, if, define, etc.).

Step 3: Implement the evaluator with lexical scoping and closures (e.g., lambda creates a closure capturing current env).

Step 4: Add continuations (e.g., via call/cc) and TCO (transform tail calls to loops or jumps).

Step 5: Provide a main function with example Scheme code to demonstrate features, like a tail-recursive loop and a closure using captured variables.

If the expression is a tail call: Rewrite it as a loop in the evaluator to prevent stack growth.

If memory allocation fails: Handle gracefully with error messages.

Output the full C code in a single file, followed by explanations of how it achieves each feature, and sample runs. Include potential fixes for common issues like leaks.