Spring专题
Spring4 MVC的Hello World教程完整源码案例
在本教程中您将学习如何开发一个SpringMVC4 Hello World示例。希望本教程能让你使用最新的Spring4快速开发一个Spring MVC项目。 技术包括:
- Spring 4.0.1.RELEASE
- JDK 1.6
- Maven 3
- Eclipse Java EE IDE ( Eclipse JUNO)
1.在Eclipse中配置Maven项目
在Eclipse菜单File -> New -> Other -> Maven -> Maven Project
选择下一步next,选择Maven web app arhetype:
点按下一步next,填入下面数据:
- GroupId :com.jdon.web ( 填写你的包名结构)
- Artifact Id: Spring4MVCHelloWorld
- Version: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
点按finish完成,出现如下完整项目:
2. Spring依赖配置
我们需要将Spring框架作为依赖加入maven pom.xml:
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.jdon.web</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring4MVCHelloWorld</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Spring4MVCHelloWorld Maven Webapp</name>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.0.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>Spring4MVCHelloWorld</finalName>
</build>
</project>
3. Spring Bean配置
在本教程中,我们将使用Spring的自动扫描功能(注释)来检测和初始化豆类。我们可以命名这个配置文件中的任何名称。
xsi:schemaLocation="
<context:component-scan base-package="com.jdon.spring.controller" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix">
<value>/WEB-INF/views/</value>
</property>
<property name="suffix">
<value>.jsp</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
我们已经告诉Spring在com.jdon.spring.controller中寻找Bean,我们也定义了所有视图是在WEB-INF/views目录下。
4. Web App配置
下面配置Web容器让它使用Spring的DispatcherServlet作为前端控制器,首先配置Spring Configuration file( dispatcher-servlet.xml):
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
web.xml如下:
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
5. 控制器代码开发
使用元注释来标注我们的MVC控制器:
package com.jdon.spring.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@Controller
public class HelloWorldController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(@RequestParam(value="name", required=false, defaultValue="World") String name, Model model) {
model.addAttribute("name", name);
return "helloworld";
}
}
请注意 @Controller 和 @RequestMapping,URL(/hello)是带有一个参数名为name
视图:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Spring4 MVC -HelloWorld</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello : ${name}</h1>
</body>
</html>
我们可以生成一个WAR文件并部署到Web服务器来测试应用程序。在Eclipse中,右键单击该项目,并单击Run As- > Maven Install。将构建项目,并在目标文件夹中创建war文件。在这个例子中该文件是Spring4MVCHelloWorld.war,部署这个WAR文件到web服务器,也就是Tomcat。
访问:
SpringMVC4 Hello World源码案例下载
Spring各种源码项目下载